林业技术员（野外消防员）

工作日程

• Many Forestry Technicians work full-time, with significant overtime needed during wildfire emergencies. Some only do seasonal work, and schedules may vary by season.  

典型职责

• Assess forested areas for potential fire hazards, litter, or pollution
• Post warning signs around the perimeter of dangerous areas
• Examine trees and soil for signs of disease or pests
• Plant seedlings and count trees. Mark or cut selected trees
• Apply protective insecticides, fungicides, or herbicides (may need a license to perform these tasks)
• Identify diseased or invasive trees and vegetation 
• “Perform inventory cruising (Plot work such as: planting, stocking surveys, PCT, CT, and Timber inventory), vegetation control, stream buffer marking, tree planting inspections, and general duties as required for contract administration” — A&H Forestry job posting
• Use GIS/GPS to navigate forest locations and perform fieldwork
• Help to arrange contracts and perform work within contract specifications
• Assist foresters working on silvicultural projects 
• Conduct patrols around wilderness boundaries on foot or using vehicles
• Coordinate recreation activities for trail hikers and forest visitors
• Respond to emergencies; work with other firefighters and first responders
• Assist injured or lost visitors; render first aid, as needed
• Construct firelines to slow or stop the spread of wildfires
• Chop down excessive brush to reduce potential fuel for fires
• Look for and put out fire flare-ups

Mid- and higher-level duties may include operating fire engines, analyzing weather and fire data, conducting prescribed burns, training and supervising others, and coordinating onsite firefighting activities. GameWarden.org lists the following Forestry Technician roles:

• Hand crew -  does the “grunt work” of fireline construction and fire suppression
• Engine crew - work on a wildland fire engine
• Hotshots - specialized teams working in rough terrain
• Smokejumpers - parachute-qualified firefighters who fight hard-to-reach fires
• Helitack - Helicopter-based firefighters
• Dispatchers - work in logistics to determine resource requirements
• Lookouts - work in remote towers or as airborne spotters

额外责任

• Perform cleaning and maintenance of vehicles, including ATVs and winter equipment such as snowmobiles 
• Prepare written reports about emergency incidents
• Participate in fire and rescue drills
• Keep track of visitor numbers for use in reports
• Support law enforcement efforts and collaborate with officials as needed. Issues minor citations for violations
• Gather and report data about avalanches
• Inspect trails for safety and maintenance issues
• Educate visitors and the general public about recreation opportunities, rules and guidelines, safety topics, weather conditions, resource management, etc. 

“I really do enjoy my job—the excitement of what will happen on any given day,” says Forestry Technician Sonya Lucatero. “You just don't really know what you're going to encounter in the woods and how plans will shift. You never have the same day twice.”

软技能

• 问责制
• Adaptive 
• 演绎性推理
• 注重细节
• 焦点
• 以目标为导向
• 手眼协调
• 倡议
• 观察者
• 有组织的
• 病人
• Preparedness 
• 解决问题
• 注重安全
• 健全的判断和决策
• Strength, stamina, and agility
• 强大的沟通能力 
• 团队合作
• 时间管理 

Some positions, such as smokejumper, have lengthy and specific medical requirements! 

技术技能

• Ability to carry and load up heavy objects
• 操作和维护车辆的能力
• Ability to safely use cutting tools 
• Familiarity with biology, wildlife, geography, and math
• 急救和心肺复苏术
• Knowledge of applicable policies, regulations, and laws
• 土壤和土壤改良剂知识 
• 了解树木/肢体支架、木桩、缆绳和绑带
• 了解树木杀虫剂、肥料、保护剂和相关化学品的知识
• Outdoor survival skills 
• 正确佩戴个人防护设备，包括头盔、手套、护目镜以及绳索、安全带和系索、 
• Understanding of fire safety principles and knowledge of hazards to watch out for, such as combustible materials
• 熟悉消防战术、设备和装备

• Federal, state, or local government agencies, such as:

1. 印第安人事务局
2. 土地管理局
3. Forest Service (as Wildland Firefighters)
4. 国家公园管理局
5. 美国鱼类和野生动物管理局

Forestry Technicians are constantly exposed to outdoor elements, such as hot or cold weather, wind, rain, humidity, mud, snow, etc. There are countless hazards that workers must guard against, including tripping hazards, dehydration, heat stroke, frostbite, allergens, poisonous plants, fungi, insect bites, wildlife, fires, and smoke. They have to be prepared for almost anything! 

To the extent possible, Forestry Technicians should plan out their daily tasks ahead of time but must stay flexible, anticipate problems, and have a response plan. This requires ongoing training to keep skills sharp. They must be vigilant and ready to effectively handle whatever comes their way. During wildfire emergencies, they may be tagged to work very long hours until the situation is under control. 

Conservation effects and sustainable management have been hot trends in the world of forestry for some time now. Sustainability efforts focus on maintaining ecosystem health, biodiversity, and the long-term viability of forests, which are invaluable for sequestering carbon dioxide. 

Unfortunately, forests are at risk from wildfires which are happening more frequently and with greater intensity. Methods to combat the fires and mitigate damage include Wildland-Urban Interface management, controlled or prescribed burns, more collaborative fire management approaches, and the advancement of technological tools and solutions like remote sensing, satellite monitoring, and predictive modeling.

Forestry Technicians are typically physically active people who prefer working outdoors versus staying in an office all day. They may have grown up in rural areas, or loved camping, taking long hikes in the woods, or going hunting and fishing. Strong verbal communication skills and teamwork are essential, which may have been developed from extracurricular activities in school.