葡萄园经营者

工作日程

• 葡萄园经营者至少是全职工作，需要加班，这取决于各种因素。如果一个葡萄园有一个现场酿酒厂，可能会有周末或晚上的活动需要工作。这项工作可能需要提一些重物，大量站立，弯腰，或跪着检查葡萄树。预计会暴露在各种气候条件下，包括高温、潮湿、潮湿、下雨和暴风雨。葡萄园操作员面临着暴露于各种化学品和设备的巨大噪音的风险。

典型职责

• 管理所有的葡萄栽培活动以确保葡萄树的健康
• 管理和监督各种杀虫剂、除草剂和杀菌剂的安全应用。
• 确保安装适当的灌溉系统，并按照最佳的浇灌计划运行。
• 监督栽培过程，包括种植、修剪和树冠管理。
• 协调水土流失控制活动和防冻措施
• 指导花架和栅栏的安装、维护和修理工作
• Plan and coordinate harvesting season activities
• 与酿酒师合作，确保产品质量和数量目标的实现
• 确保工具和设备的适当库存
• 管理预算，预测估计支出，并授权采购
• 与部门负责人会面，讨论目标和问题
• 如果不是业主，则向业主提供日常更新和报告
• 遵守适用的地方、州、联邦和国际法规
• Assist with hiring and managing workers; post work schedules

额外责任

• 组织或协助举办活动和参观，包括营销工作
• 进行员工评估。提供并听取反馈意见
• 创建公司政策和培训计划
• 根据OSHA和其他相关标准，实施工人安全程序
• 参与质量保证检查
• 保持记录和文件

软技能

• 分析性的
• 注重预算
• 协调和指导技能
• 注重细节
• 领导和管理技能
• 客观性
• 组织能力
• 耐心
• 实用性
• 质量保证的心态
• 聪明才智
• 健全的判断和决策
• 强大的沟通能力，包括积极倾听和谈判

技术技能

• 具备会计、簿记、记录管理和办公软件（如微软套件）的基本知识
• 对葡萄品种有深刻的了解，对酿酒和葡萄酒行业有鉴赏力
• 熟悉葡萄园中常用的重型机械和设备
• 熟悉土壤特性，如pH值、水土流失控制和防冻措施等
• 嫁接和修剪技术的知识
• 有关疾病和虫害管理的知识
• 熟悉人力资源、工人权利以及适用的安全标准和法规
• 灌溉系统、树冠、葡萄种植和收获过程的知识
• Knowledge of fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, and fungicides (and their safe application)
• Understanding of horticulture, viticulture, and enology (aka oenology)
• Understanding of International Organization for Standardization winemaking process guidelines

• 葡萄园和酒厂

Vineyard Owners must think long term, as well as in seasons. The work they do (or fail to do properly) in one season will impact what happens in the following seasons. And as vineyard expert Manuel Iribarnegaray López explains, “The grape and the wine are totally linked. What you do in the vineyard today is what you are going to delight in the wine in five, seven, or 10 years.”

Cultivating grapevines requires a hands-on approach, meaning operators and managers have to get out from behind their desks, get outside, and get their hands dirty. To stay in tune with the processes, they must stay in touch with the soil itself. They must truly have an interest in and passion for producing the finest quality of grapes possible for their end clients, or in some cases, for their own wineries. As they say, growing grapes into wine is both “an art and science!” 

Wine is a half-trillion-dollar industry and there is no shortage of competition. There are 7,475 wineries in the US alone and some 65,000 wine producers worldwide! With that much selection, it’s vital to find ways for producers to draw distinctions between their brand and others. 

葡萄酒爱好者是出了名的挑剔，然而，也有数以百万计的 "休闲 "葡萄酒饮用者需要迎合。许多品牌专注于价格，而顶级品牌则专注于只有真正的行家才能欣赏的微妙之处。有机、本土和杂交品种越来越受到一些客户的欢迎，就像尽管经济动荡，但高端 "奢侈 "葡萄酒继续蓬勃发展。 

As Demeine Estates’ Senior VP of Marketing Marcott Diaz puts it, “Consumers are drinking less but drinking better. We see fine wine bucking all of the trends.”

Many Vineyard Operators grew up in rural areas and may have spent ample time outdoors in their youth. Some might have worked on farms or in other agricultural positions. Growing wine grapes takes plenty of patience and an affinity for both science and nature, so operators could have excelled in biology or chemistry in their high school days. Many grew up keenly interested in environmentalism and now seek to utilize the most organic, biodynamic, eco-friendly, sustainable processes possible in their vineyards!